Wednesday, January 10, 2018

Numbers 10:11-Joshua 24:33

This is the third in a series of biblical summaries derived from David Dorsey's book, The Literary Structure of the Old Testament:

a      wilderness journey: only Caleb and Joshua are faithful (Num. 10:11-21:20)
        b      conquest of Transjordan under Moses (Num. 21:21-Deut. 3:29)
                c      Moses' exhortations to serve Yahweh, in light of lessons from Yahweh's past blessings 
                        and punishments (Deut. 4-11)
                        d      CENTER: laws for life in Canaan (Deut. 12-26)
                c'     Moses' exhortations to serve Yahweh, in light of the prospects of Yahweh's future
                        blessings or punishments (Deut. 27-34)
        b'     conquest of Canaan under Joshua (Josh. 1-12)
a'     allotment of Canaan: only Caleb and Joshua are rewarded with their own allotments (Josh. 13-24) (Dorsey, 95)

The 'a' pattern has to do with spies of Israel going into Canaan.  In the first instance, only Caleb and Joshua are faithful to God.  Later, only Caleb and Joshua will enter into the land with a whole new generation of Israelites, while the former generation has died in the wilderness.  In the first section, Caleb gives a good report at Kadesh, and follows God "wholeheartedly," and is promised he would inherit Hebron, the area he explored.  In the second section, Caleb recalls his experience at Kadesh, his good report, and that he followed God "wholeheartedly."  Both sections include brief historical notes about Hebron, that it is the home of the Anakites.  Finally, both sections feature men being sent out to explore Canaan.  All this suggests the theme of obedience and its rewards.  Obedience is rendered by Caleb and Joshua in the first section, and rewarded in the second.

The 'b' pattern connects the military conquests of Moses to those of Joshua.  The first section conveys the war spoils Israel achieves under Moses.  The second section, those achieved under Joshua.  The first section expresses that the Transjordanian tribes of Israel must enter the land against their wishes, and the second section shows them doing this.  Both sections feature victories from their main camps.  And both sections are almost entirely upbeat, in which Israelite victories are re-narrated, and both sections also feature an isolated disobedience which is quickly remedied (defeat at Baal-Peor in the first, Achan's sin in the second).  All this suggests that Israel will have divine blessing (particularly in military conflicts) as a reward for obedience.

The 'c' pattern is all contained with Moses' farewell address to the Israelites in Deuteronomy.  Both sections relate narrative about Moses transferring leadership to Joshua.  The first section recounts blessings and curses that have come upon Israel related to obedience in the past.  The second section holds out the blessings and curses that will come upon Israel related to obedience in the future.  Finally, the first section relates that Moses will die before crossing over to Canaan, and the second section relates Moses' death on Mount Nebo before crossing over.  All this suggests the importance of obeying God in Israel's past and in Israel's future.

At the center, 'd' conveys the law's central importance, as Moses gives a grand review of its contents.  The law is central in this extended passage, and thus is central to Israel's future prosperity, and its hopes for peace in the land they've been promised.


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